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Operators

Operators are used to perform operations on values.

Arithmetic operators​

These operators are used to perform arithmetic operations on values.

1 + 2 // addition - outputs 3
2 - 1 // subtraction - outputs 1
2 * 3 // multiplication - outputs 6
6 / 2 // division - outputs 3
5 % 2 // modulus - outputs 1
2 ** 3 // exponentiation - outputs 8

String operators​

These operators are used to perform operations on strings of characters.

"Hello " + "world" // concatenation - outputs "Hello world"

Relational operators​

These operators are used to compare values.

1 == 1 // equality - outputs true
1 != 1 // inequality - outputs false
1 < 2 // less than - outputs true
1 <= 2 // less than or equal to - outputs true
1 > 2 // greater than - outputs false
1 >= 2 // greater than or equal to - outputs false

Logical operators​

These operators are used to combine boolean values.

!true // logical NOT - outputs false
true && false // logical AND - outputs false
true || false // logical OR - outputs true
true ^ true // logical XOR - outputs false

Bitwise operators​

These operators are used to perform bitwise operations on values.

~0b010 // bitwise NOT - outputs 0b101

0b110 & 0b010 // bitwise AND - outputs 0b010
0b100 | 0b010 // bitwise OR - outputs 0b110
0b110 ^ 0b010 // bitwise XOR - outputs 0b100

0b010 << 1 // bitwise left shift - outputs 0b100
0b010 >> 1 // bitwise right shift - outputs 0b001

Coalescing operator​

The coalescing operator is used to return the first non-null value.

const a = null
const b = undefined
a ?? b ?? 123 // outputs 123

You may also be interested in the OrDefault intrinsic function, which returns the first non-undefined value.

const abc = undefined
abc.OrDefault("123") // outputs "123"

const xyz = null
xyz.OrDefault("456") // outputs null

Optional chaining operator​

The optional chaining operator returns null if any part of the chain is null or undefined

const vehicle = null
vehicle?.Make?.Model // outputs null

Note that in general, null values will just pass through most intrinsic functions without error, and so optional chaining and coalescing is often not necessary.

Ternary operator​

The ternary operator is used to conditionally return one of two values.

const x = 5
x > 3 ? "greater" : "less" // outputs "greater"